Servicios Personalizados
Revista
Articulo
nueva página del texto (beta)
Inglés (pdf)
Artículo en XML
Referencias del artículo
Traducción automática
Enviar artículo por emailIndicadores
-
Citado por SciELO -
Accesos
Links relacionados
-
Similares en
SciELO
Compartir
Permalink
Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana
versión impresa ISSN 1405-3322
Bol. Soc. Geol. Mex vol.59 no.1 Ciudad de México jun. 2007
https://doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2007v59n1a1
Articles
The first geologic map of Sonora
El primer mapa geológico de Sonora
1Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Apartado Postal 1039, C. P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, México. SuterMax@aol.com
The 1888 publication by José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano about the 3 May 1887 Sonora, Mexico earthquake contains the earliest geologic map of Sonora, a 1:1,000,000 scale color map with six cartographic units, reproduced in this paper. On the map,which covers ~20, 000 km2 of northeastern Sonora, and in the accompanying article, Aguilera delimited and described parts of what is now known as the Jaralito and Oposura batholiths and assigned them, remarkably, an Eocene age. The map unit of volcanic rocks belongs mostly to the vast cover of the middle Tertiary Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic province and the units of Pliocene and Quaternary rocks to the fill of extensional basins. Aguilera assigned a Quaternary age to the basalt flows in the Moctezuma and San Bernardino valleys, which he described as covering the alluvium of these valleys. The rocks of the Pliocene map unit were described by Aguilera as an indurated conglomerate dipping 20°S, overlain with angular unconformity by alluvium, and most of its clasts being of volcanic origin; this unit is now known as the Báucarit Formation of Mioceneage. The Cretaceous map unit, described by Aguilera as ash grey, compact, and fossiliferous limestone beds belonging very probably to the Comanche series, is now known as the Lower Cretaceous Mural Limestone. Aguilera's map covers a series of north-south trending mountain ranges separated by the Moctezuma, Bavispe, San Bernardino, Fronteras, and Agua Prieta River valleys, a landscape pattern typical of the Basin and Range physiographic province. Aguilera described this transition zone between the plateau of the Sierra Madre Occidental in the east and the lowlands in the west as a large-scale staircase pattern, with the steep, fault-bounded side of the mountain ranges always facing west. A rare photograph by Camillus S. Fly possibly shows Aguilera and his field party near Bavispe, Sonora in August 1887.
Keywords: José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano (1857-1941); history of geology; geologic map; Sonora; Mexico; Basin and Range province; Sonoran batholith
La publicación en 1888 por José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano sobre el terremoto del 3 de mayo de 1887 de Sonora incluye la primera carta geológica de Sonora. Se trata de un mapa en color a escala 1: 1,000,000 con seis unidades cartográficas, el cual es reproducido en este trabajo. En el mapa, que cubre ~20,000 km2 del noreste de Sonora, y en el artículo que acompaña al mapa, Aguilera delimitó y describió partes de lo que se conoce actualmente corno los batolitos de Jaralito y de Oposura y les asignó notablemente una edad eocena. La unidad cartográfica de rocas volcánicas pertenece sobre todo a la cobertura amplia de la provincia volcánica de la Sierra Madre Occidental del Terciario medio y las unidades de rocas del Plioceno y Cuaternario al relleno de cuencas de extensión. Aguilera asignó una edad cuaternaria a los derrames de basalto en los valles de Moctezuma y San Bernardino y los describió corno cubriendo al aluvión de estos valles. A las rocas de la unidad cartográfica pliocénica, Aguilera las describió corno conglomerado bastante resistente con echado de 20° S, cubierto con discordancia angular por aluvión, y con la mayoría de los clastos siendo de origen volcánico. Esta unidad se conoce ahora como Formación Báucarit de edad miocena. La unidad cartográfica del Cretácico, descrito por Aguilera como capas de caliza gris cenicienta compacta y fosilifera, perteneciendo muy probablemente a la serie Comanche, se conoce ahora como la Caliza Mural del Cretácico Inferior. El mapa de Aguilera cubre una serie de valles de orientación norte-sur separados por los valles de los Ríos Moctezuma, Bavispe, San Bernardino, Fronteras y Agua Prieta, lo que es el patrón de paisaje típico de la provincia fisiográfica de cuencas y sierras. Aguilera describió esta zona de transición entre el plateau de la Sierra Madre Occidental al oriente y la tierra baja al poniente como una gigantesca escalinata formada por diversas cordilleras, cuya mayor pendiente ve siempre hacia el oeste. Una fotografia rara por Camillus S. Fly posiblemente muestra a Aguilera con su equipo de campo cerca de Bavispe, Sonora en agosto de 1887.
Palabras clave: José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano (1857-1941); historia de la geología; carta geológica; Sonora; México; provincia de cuencas y sierras; batolito de Sonora
Bibliographic references
Agnew, C. D., 2002, History of seismology, in Lee, WH.K., Kanamori, H., Jennings, P.C., Kisslinger, C., (eds.), International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology: San Diego, California, Academic Press, part A, p. 3-11 and file AgnewNotes.pdf on the allached Handbook CD. [ Links ]
Aguilar y Santillán, R., 1898, Bibliografía geológica y minera de la República Mexicana: Instituto Geológico de México, Boletín 10, 158 p. [ Links ]
Aguilera, J.G., 1888, Estudio de los fenómenos sísmicos del 3 de mayo de 1887: Anales del Ministerio de Fomento de la República Mexicana, v. 10, p. 5-56. [ Links ]
Aguilera, J.G., Ordóñez, E., 1897, Bosquejo geológico de México: Instituto Geológico de México, Boletín 4-6, 270 p. [ Links ]
Anderson, T H., Sílver, L.T, Salas, G.A., 1980, Distribution and U-Pb isotope ages of some lineated plutons, northwestern Mexico, in Crittenden Jr. M.O., Coney, P.J., Davis, G.H. (eds.), Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes: Geological Society of America Memoir 153, p. 269-283. [ Links ]
Bartolini, C.,Damon, P.E., Shafiqullah, M., Morales, M., 1994, Geochronologic contributions to the Tertiary sedimentary-volcanic sequences ("Baucarit Formation") in Sonora, Mexico: Geofísica Internacional, v. 33, p. 67-77. [ Links ]
Biggs,T.H., Leighty, R.S., Skotnicki, S.J., Pearthree, P.A., 1999,Geology and geomorphology of the San Bernardino valley, southeastern Arizona: Arizona Geological Survey, Open-File Report 99-19, 20 p. [ Links ]
Chaput, D., 1996, Dr. Goodfellow, physician to the gunfighters, scholar, and bon vivant: Westernlore Press, Tucson, Arizona, Great West and Indian Series, v. 66, 203 p. [ Links ]
Cooper, E.S., 1989, C.S. Fly of Arizona: The life and times of a frontier photographer: History of Photography, v. 13, p.31-47. [ Links ]
Darton, N.H., 1896, Catalogue and index of contributions to North American geology 1732-1891: U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 127, 1045p. [ Links ]
Davison, C.,1927, The founders of seismology: Cambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, 240 p. [ Links ]
de Cserna, Z., 1990, La evolución de la geología en México (~1500-1929): Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología, Revista, v. 9, p. 1-20. [ Links ]
DuBois, S.M., Smith, A.W, 1980, The 1887 earthquake in SanBernardino valley, Sonora: State of Arizona, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Special Paper 3, 112 p. [ Links ]
Dumble, E.T., 1900, Notes on the geology of Sonora, Mexico: American Institute of Mining Engineers, Transactions, v. 29, p. 122-152. [ Links ]
Emory, W.H., 1859, Report on the United States and Mexican boundary survey, Geological Reports: Washington, D.C., 34th Congress, 1st Session, House Executive Document 135, v. 1, part 2, 174 p. [ Links ]
Gilbert, G.K., 1875, Report on the geology of portions of New Mexico and Arizona, in Wheeler, G.M. (ed.), Report upon geographical and geological expiorations and surveys west of the one hundredth meridian: Washington, Government Printing Office, v. 3, part 5, p. 503-567. [ Links ]
Gilbert, G. K., Howell, E.E., Loew, O., 1877, Sheet Nr. 83 covering parts of eastern and southeastern Arizona, western and southwestern New Mexico, in Humphreys, A.A., Geologic atlas projected toillustrate geographical explorations and surveys west of the 100th meridian of longitude, under the command of First Lieut. Geo. M. Wheeler: New York, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, geologic map, scale 1: 506,880. [ Links ]
Gómez-Caballero, J.A., 2005, Historia e índice comentado del Boletín del Instituto de Geología de la UNAM: Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, v.57, p. 149-185. [ Links ]
González-León, C.M., Lawton, TF., 1995, Stratigraphy, depositional environments, and origin of the Cabullona basin, northeastern Sonora, in Jacques-Ayala, C., González-León, C.M., Roldán Quintana, J. (eds.), Studies on the Mesozoic of Sonora and adjacent areas: Geological Society of America Special Paper 301, p. 121-142. [ Links ]
Goodfellow, G.E., 1887a, The Sonora earthquake: Science, v. 9, no. 224, p.483-484. [ Links ]
Goodfellow, G.E., 1887b, The Sonora earthquake: Science, v.10, no. 236, p. 81-82. [ Links ]
Goodfellow, G.E., 1888, The Sonora earthquake: Science, v.11, no. 270, p. 162-166. [ Links ]
Kempton, P.D., Dungan, M.A., 1989, Geology and petrology of basalts and included mafic, ultramafic, and granulitic xenoliths of the Geronimo volcanic field, southeastern Arizona: New Mexico Bureau of Mines & Mineral Resources, Memoir 46, p. 161-185. [ Links ]
Marcou, J., 1867, Notes géologiques sur les frontiéres entre le Mexique et les Etats-Unis, in Archives de la Commission Scientifique du Mexique: Imprimerie impériale, Paris, France, v. 2, p. 74-80. [ Links ]
Marcou, l., 1893, Mapoteca geológica Americana, second supplement: American Geologist, v. 11, p. 95-99. [ Links ]
Marcou, J., Marcou, J.B., 1884, Mapoteca geológica Americana. A catalogue of geological maps of America (Northand South) 17521881, in geographic and chronologic order: U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 7, 184 p. [ Links ]
McDowell, F.W., Roldán-Quintana, J., Amaya-Martínez, R., 1997, Interrelationship of sedimentary and volcanic deposits associated with Tertiary extension in Sonora, Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, p. 1349-1360. [ Links ]
McDowell, F.W., Roldán-Quintana, J., Connelly, J.N., 2001, Duration of late Cretaceous-early Tertiary magmatism in east-central Sonora: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, p.521-531. [ Links ]
Orozco y Berra, J., 1888. Efemérides séismicas Mexicanas: Memorias de la Sociedad Científica Antonio Alzate, v. 1, p. 303-541. [ Links ]
Parsons, T., 1995, The Basin and Range Province, in Olsen, K.H. (ed.), Continental rifts - evolution, structure, tectonics: Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Elsevier, p. 277-324. [ Links ]
Paz Moreno, F.A., Demant, A., Cochemé, J.J., Dostal, J., Montigny, R., 2003, The Quaternary Moctezuma volcanic field: A tholeiitic to alkali basaltic episode in the central Sonoran Basin and Range Province, México, in Johnson, S.E., Paterson, S.R., Fletcher, J.M., Girty, G.H., Kimbrough, D.L., Martín-Barajas, A. (eds.), Tectonic evolution of northwestern México and the southwestern USA: Geological Society of America Special Paper374, p.439-455. [ Links ]
Roldán-Quintana, J., 1991, Geology and chemical composition of the Jaralito and Aconchi batholiths in east-central Sonora, Mexico, in Pérez-Segura, E., Jacques-Ayala, C. (eds.), Studies of Sonoran Geology: Geological Society of America Special Paper 254, p. 69-80. [ Links ]
Roldán-Quintana, J., 1994, Geología del sur de la Sierra de Oposura, Moctezuma, Estado de Sonora, México: Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, v. 11, p. 1-10. [ Links ]
Rowe, J., 1997, Photographers in Arizona, 1850-1 920, a history & directory: Nevada City, California, Carl Mautz Publishing, 126 p. [ Links ]
Rubinovich Kogan, R., Levy Aguilera, M., de Luna Moreno, C., Block Iturriaga, C., 1991, José Guadalupe Aguilera Serrano, datos biográficos y bibliografía anotada: Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Autónoma de Hidalgo, 116 p. [ Links ]
Smith, C.C., 1970, Emilio Kosterlitzky, eagle of Sonora and the Southwest border: Glendale, California, Arthur H. Clarke Company, 344 p. [ Links ]
Suter, M., 2001, The historical seismicity of northeastern Sonora and northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico (28-32°N, 106-111°W): Journal of South American Earth Sciences, v. 14, p. 521-532. [ Links ]
Suter, M., 2006, Contemporary studies of the 3 May 1887 MW= 7.5 Sonora, Mexico (Basin and Range province) earthquake: Seismological Research Letters, v. 77, p. 134-147. [ Links ]
Suter, M., Contreras, J., 2002, Active tectonics of northeastern Sonora, Mexico (southern Basin and Range province) and the 3 May 1887 MW=7.4 earthquake: Seismological Society of America Bulletin, v. 92, p. 581-589. [ Links ]
Truett, S., 2004, Transnational warrior: Emilio Kosterlitzky and the transformation of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, 1873-1928 in Truett, S., Young, E. (eds.), Continental Crossroads: remapping U.S.-Mexico borderland history: Durham, North Carolina, Duke University Press, p. 241-270. [ Links ]
Vaughan, T., 1989, C.S. Fly, Pioneer Photojournalist: Journal of Arizona History, v. 30, p. 303-318. [ Links ]
Warzeski, E.R., 1987, Revised stratigraphy of the Mural Limestone -a Lower Cretaceous carbonate shelf in Arizona and Sonora, in Dickinson, W.R., Klute, M.A. (eds.), Mesozoic rocks of southern Arizona and adjacent areas: Arizona Geological Society Digest, v. 18, p. 335-363. [ Links ]
Yeats, R.S.,Sieh,K.,Allen, C.R., 1997, The geology of earthquakes: Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford University Press, 568 [ Links ]
Received: February 10, 2006; Revised: March 02, 2006; Accepted: August 25, 2006
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
