Resumen

PICHARDO-RIEGO, Juan Carlos et al. Water use efficiency and yield for dual purpose in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivars. Rev. Chapingo Ser.Hortic [online]. 2013, vol.19, n.1, pp.71-84. ISSN 2007-4034.  https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2010.04.013.

Nowadays in Mexico, the yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seed is low (0.7 t·ha^-1). One reason is the use of landraces, and since it is a seasonal crop, production is further limited by the amount and distribution of rainfall. Thus, it is important to look for cultivars with greater water use efficiency (WUE) and therefore higher production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate WUE and yield of green pod and dry grain of 14 cultivars of faba bean (13 introduced and one native). Seed sowing occurred on March 30, 2006 at a density of 4.2 plants·m^-2 in Serdán, Puebla under seasonal rainfall conditions. The fertilizer was 132-33-00 of NPK. All P and 50 % of nitrogen was applied before sowing and the rest 60 days later. The cultivars of early physiological maturity (PM) were 'Tarragona 1' and 'Cochinera Montecillo' (190 days after sowing (das) and 3,023 growth degree days) and the later was 'Cochinera Morada' (225 das and 3,450 growth degree days). The greatest pod size was found in 'Pico de Orizaba' with 8.8 cm length and 23.4 mm width. 'Cochinera Morada' had the highest yield (1,037 g·m^-2) and number of pod per m² (113.1). The lowest yield was shown in 'Cochinera Montecillo' (456.1 g·m^-2). The highest grain yield was found in 'Blanca' (357 g·m^-2). In both cases yield was related to water use efficiency and harvest index. The native cultivar showed lower yield than some introduced cultivars. In general, the late cultivars showed higher biomass, yield and accumulated heat.

Palabras llave : Growth degree days; pod size; biomass; harvest index; pods number.

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