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Geofísica internacional
versión On-line ISSN 2954-436Xversión impresa ISSN 0016-7169
Geofís. Intl vol.44 no.4 Ciudad de México oct./dic. 2005
Articles
Total electrón content variations in the ionosphere before the Colima, Mexico, earthquake of 21 January 2003
1 Instituto de Geofísica, UNAM, México Email: pulse@geofisica.unam.mx
2 Centro Tecnológico Aragón, UNAM, México
3 Istituto di Fisica Applicata, CNR, Italia
Anomalous ionospheric variations associated with the process of strong earthquake (M>5) preparation has been fairly well established. To check possible ionospheric variations connected with the recent Colima earthquake, M=7.8, of 21 January 2003, the data of five stationary GPS receivers of the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) of Mexico network were analyzed. It was found that the vertical total electron content showed anomalies two to three days before the seismic shock, while the daily cross correlation coefficient calculated for the different pairs of GPS receivers presented a drop within an interval of one to five days before the seismic shock. Also, the horizontal spatial (latitude-longitude) distribution of the TEC deviation had its peak of deviation in a point close to the vertical projection on the ionosphere of the impending earthquake epicenter, thus revealing the local character of the observed anomaly. We conclude, that the observed variations in the ionosphere can be regarded as a possible short-term earthquake precursors.
KEY WORDS: Total electron content; ionosphere variations; precursor
En la actualidad se encuentra bien establecida la existencia de variaciones ionosféricas anómalas asociadas con el proceso de preparación de sismos fuertes (M>5). Con el fin de comprobar posibles variaciones ionosféricas que estuvieran relacionadas con el reciente temblor de Colima, México, M=7.8, del 21 de enero de 2003, se analizaron los datos de 5 receptores GPS de la red del Instituto Nacional de Geografía, Estadística e Informática (INEGI) de México. Se encontró que el TEC obtenido a partir de estos datos muestra anomalías importantes de dos a tres días antes del impacto sísmico, mientras que el coeficiente diario de correlación cruzada calculado para diferentes pares de receptores GPS presenta una caída importante dentro de un intervalo de uno a cinco días antes de dicho impacto. Por otra parte, la distribución horizontal (latitud-longitud) de las desviaciones del TEC con respecto a la media mensual para el día y la hora del sismo tuvo su máximo en un punto cercano a la proyección vertical en la ionosfera del epicentro del mismo. Hemos concluido a partir de esto que las variaciones observadas en la ionosfera durante el proceso de preparación y de realización del sismo pueden ser consideradas como posibles precursores de corto plazo del mismo.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Contenido total de electrones; variaciones ionosféricas; precursor sísmico
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Received: February 11, 2005; Accepted: June 06, 2005
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
