In this new year of 2019, the Medicine and Ethics magazine turns three years of its on line setting, offering to our viewers its reading from the Open Journal System platform, which is friendly, and makes clear its processes. Besides, we have improved the requirements for authors and the ethical standards of the same. Our new year’s resolution, is to increase the variety of authors, so we will be very honored that our readers feel encouraged to write, and in accordance to the standards above cited, will send their valuable material to us.

The articles which are presented in this issue, have the common source of showing in all of them, how the scientific advances and legislative changes propose new reflections in Bioethics. The first two articles analyze the problems, always present, in the relationship between a physician and a patient. Both present judicial aspects of the Italian legislation and their ethical implications. Other two articles, both written by Mexican philosophers, address from some philosophical principles recent dilemmas of bioethics: The prenatal intervention and the neurosciences. And the last pair of articles address the argumentation about transplants, due to the attempts of change in the Mexican legislation during 2018.

Thus in the «Suffering relief and risk due to malpractices» by Enrico Salvo, he considers the changes that medical practice has suffered throughout the years in Italy, such as for example, the commercialization of it, and the results among others of defensive medicine. The author proposes the trust axis in the physician’s relationship with the patient, as an element of the answer to the distrust problems in medical practice.

«The «problem» of the informed consent: of the rights of the patient to the depersonalization of the physician-patient relationship» by Nicola Posterano addresses such problem of change in paternalistic medicine, to one where the intervention’s axis on the patient is the informed consent. The article addresses changes in the Italian legislation where a new emphasis is given to the above mentioned informed consent. The author shows that it is in itself and advancement, as long as it does not become an autonomy averted of the wellbeing of the patient.

«The sick fetus: an example of the gradual income of the vulnerability principle in bioethics» by Lourdes Velázquez, it is shown how the principle of vulnerability has become evident in the Bioethics statements, and shows its application to the case of the fetus in a vulnerable situation. At the same time it is analyzed with this same category, the case of the prenatal diagnostic where it is sought to provide care to the fetus, and looking for ways to help it, in its condition as a vulnerable person, especially in cases where incurable diseases arise.

Ma. Elizabeth de los Ríos Uriarte in the «Philosophical Approach to today’s debates in neurosciences: the problem of identity and its social impact» shows the importance and meaning of the ontological analysis of the human being, avoiding this way the reductionism of neurosciences, that pretend to convert personal identity to the neurological conditions of the person. It addresses and discusses issues that have arisen from the neurosciences, such as the existence or not of human freedom.

In «Organ donation and tacit consent. Objections to its implementation in Mexico» by Gustavo Ortíz Millán breaks down the arguments against tacit donation of organs, according to the proposal presented in Mexico by the legislation at the beginning of 2018. The author summarizes and discusses proposals about the improvement of transplants in Mexico.

Accordingly with the above, the article «Freedom of donation and legislation: anthropological arguments and assumptions» by José Enrique Gómez Álvarez, presents a defense of the expressed consent in the donation of organs, and proposes some improvements in order to increase organ collecting.

This issue is closed by the overview of the last author, from the book «Bioethics and new frontiers of Genetics», which gathers the presentations made at the «Symposium on bioethics and new frontiers on bioethics» of July 2017, organized by the National Academy of Medicine and the National Commission on Bioethics.