Resumen

KAUFER-HORWITZ, Martha  y  PEREZ HERNANDEZ, Juan Fernando. Obesity: pathophysiological and clinical aspects. Inter disciplina [online]. 2022, vol.10, n.26, pp.147-175.  Epub 04-Abr-2022. ISSN 2448-5705.  https://doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485705e.2022.26.80973.

Obesity is a chronic, recurrent disease of complex etiology characterized by an imbalance of energy due to a sedentary lifestyle, excessive energy intake, or both. It develops from the interaction of genetic, social, behavioral, psychological, metabolic, cellular and molecular factors. In general terms, it is defined as an abnormal or excessive storage of adipose tissue in relation to weight that may be harmful to health. It is a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and different cancers, and has biological, psychological and social repercussions. It affects, although differentially, both genders and all socioeconomic and age groups. Its prevalence, both worldwide and in Mexico, has increased in the last thirty years. Its treatment must be multidisciplinary, being a change in lifestyle (food and physical activity) the central component. In some cases, prescription of specific drugs may be necessary as an adjuvant to treatment and, in cases of extreme obesity, bariatric surgery is the most effective option and is associated with metabolic improvement. This document concentrates on addressing the most relevant pathophysiological and clinical aspects of the disease.

Palabras llave : obesity; comorbidities; diet; lifestyle; treatment.

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