Background:

Spontaneous renal hematoma is a rare pathology. Accurate diagnosis can prevent life-threatening complications. The aim of the present study was to report our experience in patients diagnosed with spontaneous renal hematoma.

Materials and methods:

The case series included 17 patients with spontaneous renal hematoma that were seen at our hospital within the time frame of 2016-2018. Disease etiology, progression, and treatment data were retrieved from the clinical records of the patients.

Results:

Twelve (70%) of the patients were women, 5 (30%) were men, and their mean age was 53.6 years. Abdominal computed axial tomography was the diagnostic method utilized in all the patients. Fourteen patients were treated surgically (nephrectomy) and 3 were managed conservatively. The most frequent cause of spontaneous renal hematoma was pyelonephritis (35%), followed by malignant tumor in 18% of the cases. The pathology was labelled as idiopathic in 29% of the patients.

Conclusions:

In the present case series, spontaneous renal hematoma was more frequent in women. The main cause was pyelonephritis, followed by malignant tumor. The most frequent treatment was nephrectomy, but conservative management can be carried out in selected cases.

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